德行领导对员工创新行为的影响---工作繁荣与情感承诺的作用*

研究表明，德行领导作为家长式领导的核心维度，对员工行为有重要影响，但现有研究忽视了员工工作状态的重要作用。本文基于自我决定理论，以员工工作繁荣为中介，探讨德行领导对员工创新行为的影响，并从社会认同的情感视角出发，考察了情感承诺在上述关系间的调节作用。研究表明，德行领导对员工工作繁荣与创新行为均存在显著正向影响；员工工作繁荣对其创新行为存在显著正向影响；员工工作繁荣在德行领导与创新行为之间起部分中介作用；情感承诺调节了德行领导对员工创新行为的影响，情感承诺越高，德行领导对员工创新行为的影响越显著。     

Figures of youth: on the very object of Youth Studies

ABSTRACT

‘Youth’ as a social category is used and abused in all manner of ways across an array of fields, platforms, discourses and spaces, Youth Studies notwithstanding. When we talk about ‘young people’ sometimes we seem to be referring to different phenomena, depending upon our political interests, theoretical perspectives and research methods. This article interrogates how the concept of ‘youth’ is figuratively put to work. By suggesting different figures of youth, and inviting suggestions for more, I propose that tracing how they are situated in different ontological spaces can develop a clearer conception of our research object(s) and help reduce confusion and the possibility that we are talking past each other. The incomplete picture I want to paint of figures of youth, in quite broad-brush strokes, all inter-relate in something of a feedback loop, a material-semiotic assemblage that forms powerful affects for the ways that ‘youth’ is brought into being, how youth are researched, governed, co-opted and exploited.     

基于德育的大学生学业辅导体系的构建

当代大学生是社会进步的重要推手，其能否树立正确的价值理念，关系到我国社会主义道路的发展进程。基于德育的大学生学业辅导体系，有助于培养具有社会主义理想的有为青年。分析了构建德育化大学生学业辅导体系的内涵，阐述了体系构建中存在的主要问题，并提出了具体的改进建议。     

社会转型与观念变迁--以“道德缺失”为中心的考察

尽管“道德缺失”是转型期中国一个不容忽视的社会问题，但当代的“道德缺失”现象并非严重到了危机阶段，中国古代也不是“道德天堂”。今天的道德困境可以归因于社会环境的巨大变化。这种问题的解决，需依靠有效的维护机制作为保障。落实到根本，还是要大力发展经济，建设市民社会。     

道德合理性证明意味着什么?

道德合理性证明问题是当代西方伦理学关注的一个中心问题。这个问题关涉理性与合理性的区分,反映出西方理性观的变化。基础主义证明方法在道德合理性证明问题上已经缺乏说服力。在当代西方伦理学中,道德合理性证明的两种主要方法是叙事和道德论证。叙事和道德论证之间的紧张关系制约着当代西方伦理学的可能发展方向。     

Moral pride only under the positive gaze of others? Effects of praise and criticism on moral pride and guilt / ¿Orgullo moral solo bajo la mirada positiva de los otros? Los efectos del elogio y la crítica sobre el orgullo moral y la culpa

Abstract

This study analysed the influence of praise and criticism on moral pride (the pride we feel when we believe we have done something morally good) and guilt. Ninety-two adolescents (age: M = 15.17, SD = 0.43; 44.6% girls, 55.4% boys) completed a questionnaire which outlined 10 scenarios based on combinations of three variables: the moral nature of the action (positive/negative); praise, criticism or the absence of either; and the source (parents/peers). Participants were asked to indicate the intensity with which they would feel pride and guilt (seven-point scale). Praise of positive actions increased pride. Interestingly, criticism of positive actions reduced pride and increased guilt, while praise of negative actions reduced guilt and increased pride. No differences were found between the pride felt after a criticized positive action and that felt after a praised negative action. A parallel effect was not, however, observed for guilt. These results reveal the strong, sometimes pernicious, influence of praise and criticism on guilt and pride and, even more, the need for praise by others in the experience of moral pride.     

《哈姆雷特》中"约之链"的审美特质

《哈姆雷特》蕴含的契约意识具有独特的审美特质。哈姆雷特通过一系列约定，和周围的人一起让混沌的世界恢复了秩序。这一切，不是靠武力和冲动，而是以自由意志为基础的缔约能力。契约的破与立的是故事情节发展的内动力，契约的守与背是哈姆雷特复仇的原动力，契约的自由意志与道德责任是莎士比亚对人性和社会的哲学思考。从这个角度来说，哈姆雷特试图遵循“奥卡姆剃刀”原则，依据约定的破与立，将国家恢复到有序状态。     

How moral disengagement facilitates the detention of refugee children and families

Refugee children and families are a vulnerable demographic with the propensity to disrupt entrenched disparaging perceptions about immigrants. This project investigates how institutionalised moral disengagement practices [Bandura, Albert. 2002. “Selective Moral Disengagement in the Exercise of Moral Agency.” Journal of Moral Education 31: 101–119] at family detention centres facilitate the apprehension and confinement of children and families seeking asylum. Interviews with former volunteers and an analysis of news reports describing conditions at these centres reveal that moral disengagement plays a pivotal role in rationalising detention, while also enabling restrictive immigration policies and mass deportations. This occurs through the criminalisation of immigrants, suppressing details about residential conditions, and a quota capacity model. Findings are contextualised with regard to recent immigration legislations.     

Resistance as Sacrifice: Toward an Ascetic Antiracism

Often described as an outcome, inequality is better understood as a social process—a function of how institutions are structured and reproduced, and the ways people act and interact within them across time. Racialized inequality persists because it is enacted moment to moment, context to context—and it can be ended should those who currently perpetuate it commit themselves to playing a different role instead. This essay makes three core contributions. First, it highlights a disturbing parity between the people who are most rhetorically committed to ending racialized inequality and those who are most responsible for its persistence. Next, it explores the origin of this paradox—how it is that ostensibly antiracist intentions are transmuted into “benevolently racist” actions. Finally, it presents an alternative approach to mitigating racialized inequality, one that more effectively challenges the self‐oriented and extractive logics undergirding systemic racism, rather than expropriating blame to others, or else adopting introspective and psychologized approaches to fundamentally social problems, those sincerely committed to antiracism can take concrete steps in the real world—actions that require no legislation or coercion of naysayers, just a willingness to personally make sacrifices for the sake of racial justice.     

The self as the locus of morality: A comparison between Charles Taylor and George Herbert Mead's theories of the moral constitution of the self

This paper provides a critical comparison of two leading exponents of the relationship between morality and selfhood: Charles Taylor and George Herbert Mead. Specifically, it seeks to provide an assessment of the contribution each approach is able to make to a social theory of morality that has the self at its heart. Ultimately, it is argued that Taylor's phenomenological account neglects the significance of interaction and social relations in his conceptualisation of the relationship between morality and self, which undermines the capacity of his framework to explain how moral understandings and dialogic moral subjectivity develop in a world of shared meaning. I then argue that Mead's pragmatist interactionist approach overcomes many of the flaws in Taylor's framework, and offers a grounded conceptualisation of the relationship between self and morality that is able to provide a basis for a properly social account of moral subjectivity.